Quaternary QUEST was led by Dr Tim Lenton at UEA, with a team of 10 co-investigators at the Universities of Cambridge, Oxford, Reading, Leeds, Bristol, Southampton and at UEA. This dataset contains the Quaternary QUEST marine isotope data compilation for the last 150,000 years. The project team aimed to compile a synthesis of palaeodata from sediments and ice cores, improve the synchronization of these records with each other, and use this greater understanding of the Earth’s ancient atmosphere to improve Earth system models simulating climate over very long timescales. A combined long-term data synthesis and modelling approach has helped to constrain some key mechanisms responsible for glacial-interglacial CO2 change, and Quaternary QUEST have narrowed the field of ocean processes that could have caused glacial CO2 drawdown.

Vegetation and meteorological observations (snow and radiation) were collected by various ground instruments in an area of forest near Abisko (Sweden) and Sodankylä (Finland) during measurement campaigns in March 2011 and March 2012. This dataset contains the snow depth data collected at Sodankyla site in March 2011. Snow depths were measured by pushing a graduated probe down to the ground surface at points with 2 m spacing in each 20 m × 20 m plot, giving grids of 121 points. This was a NERC funded project.

Vegetation and meteorological observations (snow and radiation) were collected by various ground instruments in an area of forest near Abisko (Sweden) and Sodankylä (Finland) during measurement campaigns in March 2011 and March 2012. This dataset contains the radiation data collected at Abisko site in March 2011. Above-canopy radiation: An open area was selected at each study site (“plot O”) for measurements assumed to be representative of incoming radiation above the nearby forest canopy. A Delta-T Devices BF3 sunshine sensor and a Kipp & Zonen CGR3 pyrgeometer were connected to a Campbell Scientific CR1000 data logger recording 5-minute averages of measurements made every 5 seconds. The BF3 measures total and diffuse incoming shortwave radiation, and the CGR3 measures thermal longwave radiation. Below-canopy radiation: In the forest plots, two arrays of ten Kipp & Zonen CM3 shortwave pyranometers and four Kipp & Zonen CGR3 longwave pyrgeometers were connected to AM16/32B multiplexers and Campbell Scientific CR1000 data loggers recording 5-minute averages of measurements made every 5 seconds. One array was set up in a “continuity plot” C for the entire duration of each field campaign, while the other array was moved between four “roving plots” R1 to R4, providing at least 5 complete days of data at each plot. All radiometers were placed on small plywood platforms on the snow surface and were levelled and cleared of snow every morning. Radiometer positions were recorded using differential GPS at Abisko and averages of repeated handheld GPS measurements at Sodankylä. This was a NERC funded project.

Vegetation and meteorological observations (snow and radiation) were collected by various ground instruments in an area of forest near Abisko (Sweden) and Sodankylä (Finland) during measurement campaigns in March 2011 and March 2012. This dataset contains the data produced by a Vaisala WXT520 weather transmitter used to measure temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction and atmsopheric pressure during the radiometer experiments in each plot in March 2011. This was a NERC funded project.

The Quantifying Flood Risk of Extreme Events using Density Forecasts Based on a New Digital Archive and Weather Ensemble Predictions Project is a Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Flood Risk for Extreme Events (FREE) Research Programme project (Round 1 - NE/E002013/1 - Duration January 2007 - December 2008) led by Dr Patrick McSharry, University of Oxford. The dataset contains a collection of rainfall depth maxima data, dating back to 1860, plus associated description documents and rainfall maps of extreme events across the UK, have been used. All of these products have been digitised from the paper version of the British Rainfall publication, and are now archived at the BADC to enable easy access for future use and the wider community.

Global Coordination of Atmospheric Electricity Measurements (GloCAEM) project brought these experts together to make the first steps towards an effective global network for FW atmospheric electricity monitoring by holding workshops to discuss measurement practises and instrumentation, as well as establish recording and archiving procedures to archive electric field data in a standardised, easily accessible format, then by creating a central data repository. This project was funded in the UK under NERC grant NE/N013689/1. This dataset contains measurements of atmospheric electricity and electric potential gradient made using a JCI Chilworth 131 at Halley Station, Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica.

Vegetation and meteorological observations (snow and radiation) were collected by various ground instruments in an area of forest near Abisko (Sweden) and Sodankylä (Finland) during measurement campaigns in March 2011 and March 2012. This dataset contains the trunk temperature data collected at Sodankyla site in March 2011. Trunk temperatures for selected trees in the continuity plots were measured by inserting thermocouples beneath the bark. This was a NERC funded project.

Data for Figure SPM.6 from the Summary for Policymakers (SPM) of the Working Group I (WGI) Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6). Figure SPM.6 shows projected changes in the intensity and frequency of extreme temperature, extreme precipitation and droughts. --------------------------------------------------- How to cite this dataset --------------------------------------------------- When citing this dataset, please include both the data citation below (under 'Citable as') and the following citation for the report component from which the figure originates: IPCC, 2021: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 3−32, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.001. --------------------------------------------------- Figure subpanels --------------------------------------------------- The figure has four panels, with data provided for all panels in subdirectories named panel_a, panel_b, panel_c and panel_d. --------------------------------------------------- List of data provided --------------------------------------------------- This dataset contains: - Changes in annual maximum temperature (TXx) extremes for intensity (°C) and frequency (-) for 1 in 10 year and 1 in 50 year events (relative to 1850-1900) - Changes in annual maximum 1-day precipitation (Rx1day) extremes for intensity (%) and frequency (-) for 1 in 10 year events (relative to 1850-1900) - Changes in soil moisture-based drought events for intensity (standard deviation) and frequency (-) for 1 in 10 year events (relative to 1850-1900) --------------------------------------------------- Data provided in relation to figure --------------------------------------------------- Panel a: - Data file: panel_a/TXx_freq_change_10_year_event.csv ('Hot temperature extremes') [column 2 dark dots, columns 5 and 6 light dots] - Data file: panel_a/TXx_intens_change_10_year_event.csv ('Hot temperature extremes') [column 2 dark bars, columns 5 and 6 light bars] Panel b: - Data file: panel_b/TXx_freq_change_50_year_event.csv ('Hot temperature extremes') [column 2 dark dots, columns 5 and 6 light dots] - Data file: panel_b/TXx_intens_change_50_year_event.csv ('Hot temperature extremes') [column 2 dark bars, columns 5 and 6 light bars] Panel c: - Data file: panel_c/Rx1day_freq_change_10_year_event.csv ('Extreme precipitation over land') [column 2 dark dots, columns 5 and 6 light dots] - Data file: panel_c/Rx1day_intens_change_10_year_event.csv ('Extreme precipitation over land') [column 2 dark bars, columns 5 and 6 light bars] Panel d: - Data file: panel_d/drought_freq_change_10_year_event.csv ('Drought') [column 2 dark dots, columns 5 and 6 light dots] - Data file: panel_d/drought_intens_change_10_year_event.csv ('Drought') [column 2 dark bars, columns 5 and 6 light bars] --------------------------------------------------- Notes on reproducing the figure from the provided data --------------------------------------------------- - The 50th, 5th, and 95th percentiles are shown on the figure (lines on the bars). - The drought intensity shows 'drying' while the data file shows the change in soil moisture (i.e., a negative soil moisture change corresponds to a positive drying signal). --------------------------------------------------- Sources of additional information --------------------------------------------------- The following weblink is provided in the Related Documents section of this catalogue record: - - Link to the report webpage, which includes the report component containing the figure (Summary for Policymakers) and the Supplementary Material for Chapter 11, which contains details on the input data used in Table 11.SM.9. (Figures 11.15, 11.6, 11.7, 11.12, and 11.18)

The Icelandic Volcano, Eyjafjallajokull, started erupting on 14th April 2010. The volcanic ash cloud produced covered much of Northern Europe for several weeks causing extensive disruption to air travel. The UK and European atmospheric communities had many instruments - both airborne and ground-based, remote sensing and in-situ - taking measurements of the ash cloud throughout this period. This dataset contains meteorology and chemistry measurements from the NERC Airborne Research and Survey Facilitiy's (ARSF) DO228-101 D-CALM Aircraft.

The Cloud and Water Vapour Experiment (CWAVE) was a measurement campaign at the CCLRC-Chilbolton Observatory; it was supporting associated with two EC FP5 projects, CLOUDMAP2 and CLOUDNET. A wide range of satellite and ground based instruments measured a variety of atmospheric properties ranging from cloud parameters to water vapour. In addition, the measurements coincided with the results from a reduced resolution Unified Model (UM) run by the Met Office. Access to such a data set allows unprecedented comparisons between observed and modelled data. This dataset contains time series of j(O1D) and j(NO2) measured by a diode array spectroradiometer (SR) and Spectroradiometer minute actinic flux measurements with respect to wavelength. The data was collected by the University of Leicester from the 23rd June to the 7th July 2003 during CWAVE 2003.